The King of Cheeses: What is Parmigiano Reggiano?

Parmigiano Reggiano, often called the "King of Cheeses," is one of Italy’s most iconic culinary exports. Originating from the northern Italian regions of Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, and parts of Mantua and Bologna, this cheese boasts a history dating back over 800 years. Made from cow’s milk and crafted using traditional methods, Parmigiano Reggiano is known for its hard, granular texture, nutty flavour, and rich umami profile. Each wheel is aged for a minimum of 12 months, although longer aging periods—24 or even 36 months—further enhance its complexity and depth. Its unique taste and versatility make it a staple in kitchens worldwide.

Is Parmigiano Reggiano the Same as Parmesan?

While Parmigiano Reggiano and Parmesan are often used interchangeably, they are not entirely the same. Parmigiano Reggiano refers to cheese produced strictly in designated Italian regions, adhering to rigorous production standards set by the Parmigiano Reggiano Consortium. It is protected by a PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) status, ensuring authenticity.

Parmesan, on the other hand, is a broader term used internationally, often for cheeses made outside Italy. These cheeses may not follow the same stringent regulations, and their quality and flavour can vary. When purchasing, look for the distinctive Parmigiano Reggiano stamp on the rind to ensure you’re getting the authentic product.

Is Parmigiano Reggiano Vegetarian?

One common question among consumers is whether Parmigiano Reggiano is suitable for vegetarians. Unfortunately, traditional Parmigiano Reggiano is not vegetarian because it is made using animal rennet, an enzyme derived from the stomach lining of calves. This ingredient is essential for coagulating the milk during the cheesemaking process. However, vegetarian alternatives are available that mimic the flavour and texture of Parmigiano Reggiano but use microbial or plant-based rennet instead. If vegetarianism is a concern, it’s important to read labels carefully or ask your supplier for clarification.

Grana Padano vs Parmigiano Reggiano: What’s the Difference?

Grana Padano and Parmigiano Reggiano are often compared, as both are hard, aged Italian cheeses with similar uses. However, they have notable differences in production, flavour, and quality.

Production: Grana Padano can be made in a larger geographical area and allows for less strict production standards. For example, it permits the use of lysozyme (a natural preservative) and shorter aging periods starting at 9 months. Parmigiano Reggiano, by contrast, is subject to stricter regulations, including no additives and a minimum aging period of 12 months.
Flavour: Parmigiano Reggiano has a richer, more complex flavour with pronounced nutty and umami notes, especially in longer-aged varieties. Grana Padano is milder and less intense, making it a good alternative for those seeking a subtler taste.
Price: Due to its stringent production process and limited region of origin, Parmigiano Reggiano is generally more expensive than Grana Padano. However, its superior flavour and quality often justify the higher cost.

When choosing between the two, consider the dish you’re preparing and your flavour preferences. While both are excellent, Parmigiano Reggiano remains the gold standard.

How to Enjoy Parmigiano Reggiano

Parmigiano Reggiano’s versatility is one of its greatest strengths. Whether grated over pasta, shaved onto salads, or enjoyed in chunks as a snack, its robust flavour elevates any dish. For a traditional Italian experience, pair it with a drizzle of balsamic vinegar or enjoy it alongside fresh fruits like pears and figs. It also pairs beautifully with wines such as Chianti, Barolo, or sparkling Prosecco.

The Craftsmanship Behind Parmigiano Reggiano

The production of Parmigiano Reggiano is a labour-intensive process steeped in tradition. Every wheel is handcrafted, beginning with fresh, raw milk sourced from cows fed on locally grown forage. The milk is combined with natural whey and calf rennet in copper vats, then cooked and moulded into large wheels. After bringing and aging in temperature-controlled warehouses, each wheel is inspected by experts. Only those meeting the highest quality standards earn the Parmigiano Reggiano seal

Why Choose Our Parmigiano Reggiano?

When you choose Parmigiano Reggiano from Affetto Italiano, you’re not just buying cheese; you’re embracing centuries of Italian tradition, unparalleled craftsmanship, and an exceptional culinary experience. Our Parmigiano Reggiano stands out for its unique taste, unmatched versatility, and outstanding health benefits—high in protein, calcium, and free of additives. Whether you’re hosting a dinner party or enhancing a simple weekday meal, Affetto Italiano’s Parmigiano Reggiano brings the authentic taste of Italy directly to your table.